Half-lifeMinutes in the blood after IV; it is quickly broken down
Vial sizes100 mg, 500 mg, 1000 mg
The simple version
What it does
It gives your cells more of a helper molecule they use to make energy.
How people take it
Clinics usually give 50–100 mg as a shot under the skin, once a day to a few times a week.
Know this
Pills of its building blocks have the most human research; shots and drips have very little.
What it is
NAD+ isn't a peptide. It's a helper molecule made from vitamin B3 that every cell uses, and clinics give it as shots or IV drips. Many people take pills of its building blocks instead, called NR or NMN.
How it works
Your cells need NAD+ to turn food into energy and to fix everyday damage. Levels drop as you get older, so the idea is that topping it up keeps those systems running. A shot or drip gets broken down fast in the blood, so it's unclear how much actually reaches your cells.
What people use it for
Energy and tiredness
'Healthy aging' goals
Clearer thinking
Recovery from alcohol or drug use (a clinic claim with weak evidence)
The evidence
Some human studies
NR and NMN pills reliably raise NAD+ in the blood and seem well tolerated, and one small trial found NMN helped muscles respond better to insulin in prediabetic women. No one has shown clear benefits for energy, aging or lifespan in people. Research on shots and IV drips is very thin, and one small study found a drip gets cleared from the blood fast.
Why: This comes from clinics and online communities, not trials. Start at the low end, because bigger shots often cause flushing, cramps or nausea.
IV infusion (studied)
Trial dose
Dose
About 750 mg over 6 hours
How often
Single infusion in the study
When
Slow drip over several hours
Cycle
One session in the study
Route
Intravenous infusion
Why: A small study ran NAD+ in slowly over 6 hours. Clinics drip it slowly because going fast causes chest tightness, nausea and cramps.
Oral precursor (NR)
Trial dose
Dose
1,000 mg nicotinamide riboside a day (500 mg twice daily)
How often
Twice a day
When
With meals
Cycle
6 weeks in the trial
Route
Oral capsule
Why: This is the dose from a trial in healthy middle-aged and older adults that compared it with a dummy pill. It raised NAD+ in the blood and people handled it well. NR is a building block, not NAD+ itself.
Start at the low end, and change one thing at a time. If you take medication or have a health condition, check with a doctor first.
We may earn a commission from these links. Counts include one syringe and two swabs per dose.
Stay safe
Side effects
Flushing, warmth or a tight chest, mostly with fast IV drips
Nausea or stomach cramps
Headache or feeling lightheaded
Stinging where you inject
Feeling wired or sleeping badly if you take it late
Skip it if
Pregnant or breastfeeding
Active cancer, unless your cancer doctor says it's OK (cancer cells use NAD+ too)
Drug-tested athletes thinking about IV drips over 100 mL
Interactions
High-dose niacin or other B3 supplements: more flushing and more total B3
Get help right away for swelling of the face or throat, trouble breathing, chest pain, or a spreading, hot, red injection site.
Storage & legal
Storage
Powder: keep in the fridge, out of light. Once mixed: fridge, use within about 2–4 weeks.
Legal status
FDA: Not approved as a drug. NR is sold as a supplement. FDA confirmed in September 2025 that NMN can again be sold as a supplement.
Sport (WADA): NAD+ itself is not banned, but IV infusions or injections over 100 mL per 12 hours are prohibited (M2.2) unless given during hospital care.
No. It's a helper molecule made from vitamin B3. It gets lumped in with peptides only because clinics inject it.
Are pills or shots better?
Pills of NR or NMN have the most research in people and reliably raise NAD+ in the blood. Shots and IV drips have very little research behind them.
Why does an IV make me feel awful?
Running the drip fast causes flushing, a tight chest, cramps and nausea. Slowing it down usually helps.
Sources
Martens CR, et al. Chronic nicotinamide riboside supplementation is well-tolerated and elevates NAD+ in healthy middle-aged and older adults. Nat Commun. 2018;9(1):1286. PubMed 29599478
Yoshino M, et al. Nicotinamide mononucleotide increases muscle insulin sensitivity in prediabetic women. Science. 2021;372(6547):1224-1229. PubMed 33888596
Grant R, et al. A Pilot Study Investigating Changes in the Human Plasma and Urine NAD+ Metabolome During a 6 Hour Intravenous Infusion of NAD. Front Aging Neurosci. 2019;11:257. PubMed 31572171
Natural Products Association. FDA declares NMN lawful in dietary supplements (September 2025). Source